› vi.
2013年12月5日 星期四
介詞短語6-in a row
連續地
in a row: one after another without a break:
e.g. She's been voted Best Actress three years in a row.
強調
弱化stress, emphasize
= emphasize, stress,
highlight, bring home, underscore, accentuate, point up, give emphasis to, call
or draw attention to • The report underlined his concern that standards were at
risk.
opposites: play down, minimize, make light of, gloss over,
soft-pedal (informal)
source: http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-thesaurus/underline
importance noun
ADJ. cardinal, central, considerable, critical, crucial, enormous, especial, extreme, fundamental, great, high, immense, key, major, outstanding, overriding, overwhelming, paramount, particular, primary, prime, profound, real, special, supreme, tremendous, vital | first, greatest, highest, utmost This information is of the first importance. It is of the utmost importance that you arrive on time. | growing, increasing | declining the declining importance of manufacturing industry | lesser, limited, marginal, minor, secondary | direct | general | added | immediate | continued/continuing, lasting | equal | relative | intrinsic | obvious | perceived differences in the perceived importance of the different subjects in the curriculum | potential | public | international, national | practical | theoretical | symbolic the symbolic importance of iron in German culture | archaeological, commercial, constitutional, cultural, ecological, economic, environmental, historical, legal, military, political, social, strategic
VERB + IMPORTANCE have These finds have considerable archaeological importance. | assume, take on Childcare schemes take on an added importance at a time of national recession.| grow in, increase in, rise in | decline in, diminish in, fall in The overseas markets have now declined in importance. | attach, give sth, place To what objectives do you attach most importance? the importance placed on cleanliness | accept, acknowledge, appreciate, be aware of, grasp, realize, recognize, see, understand People were aware of the importance of working with nature. | demonstrate, illustrate, indicate, point to, reflect, show, suggest Figure 2.2 shows the relative importance of the different service industries. | assert | deny | confirm | draw attention to, emphasize, highlight, point up, promote, stress, underline The manual stresses the importance of regular maintenance. | diminish, downplay, minimize, play down, underplayShe was inclined to play down the importance of her own role in the affair. | exaggerate, overestimate | underestimate, undervalue Don't underestimate the importance of neat presentation. | increase | reduce | consider, discuss | explain | cast/throw doubt on, doubt, question No one can seriously question the political importance of the environment. | forget, ignore, overlook
IMPORTANCE + VERB arise from sth, lie in sth The town's importance lies in the richness and quality of its architecture. | depend on sth
PREP. of … ~ The railways were of crucial importance in opening up the American West. | ~ foran area of enormous importance for wildlife | ~ to the importance to the country of a healthy economy
PHRASES in order of importance Deal with the issues in order of importance. | a matter of importance
2013年12月4日 星期三
比起..
Than既是介詞，像：
My son is a lot taller than my
daughter.
You always walk faster than I do!
You're earlier than usual.
也是連詞，像：
I
spent more than I intended to.
It
cost less than I expected.
當
還有while, because等，都不是副詞，是連接詞，雖然它們叫subordinating conjunctions，但終究是conjunctions。
也參考：http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conjunctions.htm
也參考：http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conjunctions.htm
禮任 by courtesy
Wikipedia gives a context and explanation, which I find
interesting but which leaves several unanswered questions.
A professor who is primarily and originally associated with
one academic department, but has become officially associated with a second
department, institute, or program within the university and has assumed a
professor's duty in that second department as well, could be called a
"professor by courtesy." Example: "Joshua H. Alman is Professor
of Law and Professor, by courtesy, of Genetics at Stanford University".
對...作進一步說明
used in letters,
emails, etc. to refer to a previous letter, email, conversation, etc.
e.g.1 Further to our conversation of last Friday, I would
like to book the conference centre for 26 June
E.g. 2 Further to our letter of February 5th, we can now
confirm that all the spare parts you requested are available.
为了对我们二月五号那封信作进一步的说明，我们现在可以保证你们所要的零件都有现货。
敬請幫忙
source 1: 古大師的答案有點模稜兩可
http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/supplement/columnist/%E5%8F%A4%E5%BE%B7%E6%98%8E/art/20120505/16308247
問：香港常見 Please kindly help to...（敬請幫忙……）這說法，但有人說正式英文不會用
kindly一字說「請」，對嗎？
答： Kindly作副詞（ adverb），除了解作「和譪地」或「仁厚地」，也可解作「請」。第二版《朗文當代高級英文辭典》就有以下例句：
Kindly put it back（請把它放回原處）。由於 please、 kindly都有「請」的意思，兩字不宜並用。
但 kindly語氣上和 please不同。英語學者 John Bremner在 Words on Words書中指出："Kindly" is stronger and more formal than"please" and tends to connote the idea of"Do this- or else"（ Kindly語氣較 please強，也較為正式，常帶「你必須這樣做，否則──」含義）。比如說，你在工作，遭人不斷在旁騷擾，不勝其煩，就可以說： Kindly remove yourself from my presence（請你不要再在我跟前）。這一句的 kindly，帶點諷刺、命令口吻。
正因 kindly和 please語氣不同，要表示客氣的「請」，宜用 please來說，例如： Would/ Could you please post this letter for me?/ Please post this letter for me（請代我把這封信寄出好嗎）。
留意 kindly也可作形容詞，是少數以 ly結尾的形容詞之一，例如： A kindly neighbour took care of him when he was sick（他生病時，獲一位善心的鄰人照顧）。—古德明
source 2: English
Language Forum認為兩字的功能不同
http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/1632/is-the-phrase-please-kindly-redundant
Strictly speaking, "please" and "kindly"
do serve separate purposes. I can demand that you kindly do a certain task:
Kindly apologize to your mother
The intent is to dictate how you should apologize.
Prepending "please" is me politely asking you to do something:
Please apologize to your mother
Combining them signifies that I am being polite and you
should be polite:
Please kindly apologize to your mother
In the context of office chatter, I would interpret the
original intent of the phrase to mean, "I am asking nicely; don't give me
attitude." As it is now bordering on a cliché, I highly doubt anyone is
putting much thought into the phrase or its meaning and they are simply being
polite.
shareimprove this answer
answered Apr 4 '11 at 19:07
2013年12月3日 星期二
2013年12月2日 星期一
2013年11月29日 星期五
一句話,總而言之…,
Suffice it to say that ... 只要說…就夠了,一句話,總而言之…,受…之苦,遭受
Also written and said more grammatically correct as "suffice it to say" or "(it) suffices to say", this term basically, literally means "it is sufficient to say" From the word "suffice" which when used as an intrasitive verb like in the example above, means "to meet present needs or requirements; be sufficient". "Suffice to say" is often deemed an archaic version of the popular saying.Current: "It suffices to say that my grief is unmatched." Archaic: "Suffice to say, the trailer park in which that gentleman lives is quite the spacially economical achievement in residential land use."
2013年11月28日 星期四
未
ADV （表示从未做过某事，尤指惊人的事或坏事）还未，尚未 If you say that you have yet todo something, you mean that you have never done it, especially when this is surprising or bad.
- She has yet to spend a Christmas with her husband...她还从没和她的丈夫一起过过圣诞节。
- He has been nominated three times for the Oscar but has yet to win.他已经3次获奥斯卡提名，但从未获奖。
2013年11月27日 星期三
任你用
somebody is at your disposal
someone is available to help you I know there is plenty of work to do, so my daughter is at your disposal.
See also: disposal
something is at your disposal
something is available to be used by you The committee has limited resources at its disposal. We have $100,000 at our disposal to provide food for homeless people.
source: http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/is+at+disposal
Usage notes: sometimes used in the form at the disposal of someone: More powerful guns are at the disposal of criminals than ever before.
人生要多姿多彩
Variety Is the Spice of Life
人生要多彩多姿
http://www.wretch.cc/blog/yellowjia/11279950
2013年11月26日 星期二
2013年9月16日 星期一
是但啦
Whatever這個字經常會見到，但Whatever這個字究竟怎用，似乎有很多解釋，極易令人迷惘。讓我嘗試說明。
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZbKHDPPrrc
首先第一個解釋是「無論…是什麼」，如很多學生愛用的No matter what…be，例句：
Whatever
the results, I will not give up. (結果無論是什麼，我也不會放棄。)
與"No
matter what the results are, I will not give up."一樣。
第二個解釋是「任何」，是有點兒似「無論…是什麼」，但也不是完全一樣，例句：
I will
buy you whatever you like. (我可買給你你任何想要的。)
為什麼與No
matter what不太一樣呢？因為在第二種解「任何」的情況下，No matter what是不能用的，因為No
matter what不可以當做主語或受詞。所以，不能寫 “I will buy no matter what you like.”
另外，whatever有一種用法，是作回應別人用，意思類似廣東話的「是但啦」，但語氣相當晦氣。例如，學生被沒收電話，老師說放學後給回他，學生回應說：
“Whatever.”
(你鍾意啦。)
最後想說一說Whatsoever。Whatsoever這個字有些人誤會是與whatever一樣。其實whatsoever就是「根本」的意思，例如說：他根本不喜歡你，即是：
"He does
not like you whatsoever."
都是跟在否定句最後。
最後，用一首用了whatever做歌詞的經典歌曲作結。這首“Que Sera
Sera”是希治閣電影《擒兇記》（The man who knew too much）的主題曲，Doris Day主唱，曾於1965年獲得奧斯卡金像獎最佳歌曲。歌詞中的Whatever will be, will
be，就是Whatever上面提到的第二種用法，即是「任何」。在這句子中，Whatever will be是主詞，後面的will be 是句子的動詞(main verb)。所以，其實這首歌歌名應是Whatever will be will be，中間是無comma (逗號)的呢！
2013年9月9日 星期一
學字方法3：閱讀課外書 (和報紙).
透過閱讀課外書學習生字已經是老生常談。以前的人說學習英文的方法所謂:read more, write more , listen more, speak more 是鬼唔知阿媽係女人。那麼， 為何閱讀可提昇生字呢？
首先比起從清單串生字，透過閱讀小說或非小說可知道生字在什麼背境(context)下使用。
更重要是，課外書讓語言學習者多次接觸同一個生字。 研究顯示， 一個人要學識一個生字， 要「遇見」它6次以上。 在教科書，即使在閱讀理解或獨立生字欄介紹一個詞語，再透過練習「循環使用」那個詞語使學生記住，但充其量學生只見兩三次,，因為教科書要顧及不同的題目和生字。
所以其實閱讀報紙學生字也是同一個原理。我們可就著關注的時事(current issue)持續看相關的報道，透過閱讀與有關那主題相同的生字達六次以上，便可以學到一籃子生字。
以上這個閱讀方法稱為「集中閱讀」(narrow reading)。
提起鼓勵學生閱讀，很多學生都說字很難，睇唔明。當然睇唔明才要查字典，查字典才能學生字，但學生的心聲指出閱讀也要以趣味作為動力。讀Harry Potter那麼多深字不如舒舒服服去睇戲啦！ 要享受一本書，的確要揀一本字不太難又不太易的書,有沒有什麼原則呢？有提議說， 當揀了一本書，揭去任何一頁，找任何100字的段落，看看有沒有超過5個字不懂。若少過5個字不懂，這本書會看得相當舒服。這建議對初次揀書給小朋友閱讀的家長有一定參考價值。
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