Here comes trouble!
There goes the most obnoxious employee in the office.
Locative inversion often has an exclamatory character.
Adverbs of direction seem more amenable [willing to accept or be influenced by a suggestion:] to locative inversion than adverbs of place.
Around the corner came Nell.
*On the table danced Nell.
2014年6月30日 星期一
2014年5月6日 星期二
at no time vs in no time
in no
time代表「很快」: I will
come in no time.
at no
time 代表「從不」: At no
time have I promised to buy you flowers.
有沒有as do I?
我們聽過: When at Rome do as the Romans do.
可否說: When at Rome do as do the Romans?
答: 可以.
He
believed, as did his wife, in Jesus Christ.
標籤:
connective 連接詞,
inversion
2014年4月6日 星期日
蠢到佢咁
Poor as he is, he is still happy all the time.=
Although he is poor, he is still happy all the time.
這種倒裝句有幾類:
1 倒裝形容詞,像上句例句。
2. 倒裝名詞:
Fool as he is, he can see through the trick.
(Although he is a fool, he can...)
3. 倒裝副詞
Little as I like the invitation, I cannot but accept it.
(Although I like little the invitation, I cannot...)
4. 倒裝動詞
Try as you will, you can't solve the problem.
(Although you will try, you can't ...)
Although he is poor, he is still happy all the time.
這種倒裝句有幾類:
1 倒裝形容詞,像上句例句。
2. 倒裝名詞:
Fool as he is, he can see through the trick.
(Although he is a fool, he can...)
3. 倒裝副詞
Little as I like the invitation, I cannot but accept it.
(Although I like little the invitation, I cannot...)
4. 倒裝動詞
Try as you will, you can't solve the problem.
(Although you will try, you can't ...)
無論如何你都不應見他
最後的必用句型是倒裝句(Inversion)。
一般學校老師教的是否定詞後用倒裝句,其實這只是用到倒裝句的其中一種情況。有時我懷疑學校的老師都未必完全懂得所有用倒裝句的情況呢。
無論如何,都先講最多人懂的否定詞句式。例子:Seldom do I fall sick. (我很少病。)在句子中,seldom是否定字,用否定字開頭的句子都會將動詞與主詞換轉位置,但留意換轉位置的意思不是說把動詞與主詞直接換轉,使例句成為:Seldom fall I sick,而只是助動詞(auxiliary verb)搬去主詞前。由於現在式沒有助動詞,因此我們會特別加上do,does,did到主詞前。再看一句:Never have I been to England.(我未到過英國。)動詞部分的助動詞have便放了在主詞前。情態動詞也一樣放在主詞前:Under no circumstances should you meet him.(無論如何你都不應見他。)
其他否定副詞包括:hardly, not only, few, not, little等,而以Only when/if/after或Not until開始的子句後接住的主句,也會用這種倒裝:Only when you lose your health do you know the importance of it.(只有當失去健康時你才知健康的重要。)Not until I began working did I realize how much time I had wasted.(直至我開始工作我才知原來我浪費了很多時間。)
有人稱這種倒裝為部分倒裝。相對來說就是完全倒裝,請看例句:
Away hurried the boy. (男孩很快走開了。)
這種句子開頭一定是表地點、方位的副詞,如up, down, out, in, away等。倒裝時因為是整個動詞與主詞換轉位置,所以稱之為完全倒裝。另外,用here/there作開頭也會用完全倒裝,如:Here comes the sun.(太陽來了。)
除了副詞外,表位置的介詞短語開頭的句子可能也會倒裝,條件是動詞是不及物動詞,例如:At every entrance hang notices painted on sheets. (写在纸上的告示悬挂在每个入口。)其他可這樣倒裝的不及物動詞包括:climb, come, fly, go, lie, run, sit, stand,如:
篇幅所限,只能多介紹最後一種完全倒裝,就是假設子句(if-conditional clauses)的倒裝。在這裡不詳細再解釋三種假設子句,我只講每種假設子句都有其倒裝句型:
種類一:Should you have any problem, contact our staff. Should you have即If you should。
種類二:Were I you, I would leave Hong Kong. Were I you即If I were you。
種類三:They could have all lost their lives easily had the pirates been more impatient. Had the pirates been即If the pirates had been。
如有疑問
例: This is what you INTEND to do should you encounter sexual temptation on the Web.
Should you... 即 If you...,是一種倒裝句。
網友的useful comment:
from: http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=292455
1. It's just another way of expressing the second (or third) conditional by the means of auxiliary-subject inversion.
More examples
If I were to find a treasure I'd buy a castle.
--> Were I to find a treasure, .....
If he hadn't been there, we would have lost the game
---> Had he not been there, we.....
In both sentences we have inverted the subject and the auxiliary (or modal). Plus we no longer need the if.
It's both more idiomatic (in the sense that this wording is specific to English) and slightly more formal.
2."Should" is often used in a business context like this because to some people, it sounds more formal. In short, it replaces "if."
There is also a subtle idea about "should" in that it is supposed to express a minimal amount of doubt.
If you have any questions (I don't know if you will or not), please don't hesitate to ask.
Should you have any questions (and I rather doubt you will), please don't hesitate to ask.
It's used as such so the statement represents a more vague representation of time. It doesn't demonstrate just "now" and the "present" but also the "future."
Another way to make the same statement is "If you have" but this only represents future, and not conditional. And "If you will have" represents both, but is not in use because "should" is much easier to state than "if - will."
Should you... 即 If you...,是一種倒裝句。
網友的useful comment:
from: http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=292455
1. It's just another way of expressing the second (or third) conditional by the means of auxiliary-subject inversion.
More examples
If I were to find a treasure I'd buy a castle.
--> Were I to find a treasure, .....
If he hadn't been there, we would have lost the game
---> Had he not been there, we.....
In both sentences we have inverted the subject and the auxiliary (or modal). Plus we no longer need the if.
It's both more idiomatic (in the sense that this wording is specific to English) and slightly more formal.
2."Should" is often used in a business context like this because to some people, it sounds more formal. In short, it replaces "if."
There is also a subtle idea about "should" in that it is supposed to express a minimal amount of doubt.
If you have any questions (I don't know if you will or not), please don't hesitate to ask.
Should you have any questions (and I rather doubt you will), please don't hesitate to ask.
3. Should you have" is the future/conditional of "Do you have."
It's used as such so the statement represents a more vague representation of time. It doesn't demonstrate just "now" and the "present" but also the "future."
Another way to make the same statement is "If you have" but this only represents future, and not conditional. And "If you will have" represents both, but is not in use because "should" is much easier to state than "if - will."
飯後你才可以玩
ONLY AFTER, ONLY IF, ONLY IN THIS WAY etc., NOT UNTIL
When only after, only if, only in this way etc. are placed at the beginning of the sentence for rhetorical effect, the subject and auxiliary are inverted:
Only after lunch can you play. (You can only play after lunch.)
Only after finishing your homework can you play. (You can only play after you finish your homework.)
Only after you have finished your homework can you play. (You can only play after you have finished your homework.)
Only by guessing can you solve this puzzle. (You can only solve this puzzle by guessing.)
Only if everybody agreed would I accept this position. (I would only accept this position if everybody agreed.)
Only in this way does this machine work. (This machine only works in this way.)
Only then did they discover his secret. (They only discovered his secret then.)
Only when he needed some help did he call me. (He only called me when he needed some help.)
Only when I filled my glass did I notice that it was broken. (I only noticed that my glass was broken when I filled it.)
The last sentence can be rephrased as:
Not until I filled my glass did I notice that it was broken. (I didn't notice that my glass was broken until I filled it.)
If only is followed by the subject at the beginning of the sentence, there is no inversion:
Only you can understand. (No one else can understand.)
see:
訂閱:
文章 (Atom)