2014年1月7日 星期二
2014年1月6日 星期一
2014年1月3日 星期五
標點2-眾數的's
Possessives of Plurals & Irregular Plurals
Most plural nouns already end in s. To create their possessive, simply add an apostrophe after the s:
- The Pepins' house is the big blue one on the corner.
- The lions' usual source of water has dried up.
- The gases' odors mixed and became nauseating.
- The witches' brooms were hidden in the corner.
- The babies' beds were all in a row.
With nouns whose plurals are irregular (see Plurals), however, you will need to add an apostrophe followed by an s to create the possessive form.
- She plans on opening a women's clothing boutique.
- Children's programming is not a high priority.
- The geese's food supply was endangered.
(But with words that do not change their form when pluralized, you will have to add an -s or -es.)
- The seaweed was destroyed by the fishes' overfeeding.
For more, see: http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/possessives.htm
2014年1月1日 星期三
熙來攘往
考試局在每年出版的examiner's report中有時會提及一些stock phrases，但我不明白這些stock phrase為何不可以用。以下是其中10個stock phrase和考評局建議的改善字句:
1. burn the midnight oil
改為stay up very late
2. make both ends meet
改為have financial difficulties
3. Every coin has two sides
改為There are two sides to this argument.
4. contaminate the minds of youth
改為had a bad influence on young people
5. crystal clear
改為very clear
6. hard nut to crack
改為a difficult problem
7. a heated debate about
>a great deal of discussion of
8. a hot topic
>has been debated widely
9. a hustle-and-bustle city
>busy city
10. the future pillars of society
>future leaders
考評局真奇怪，好的字反而叫人不用，叫人用更普通的字。
1. burn the midnight oil
改為stay up very late
2. make both ends meet
改為have financial difficulties
3. Every coin has two sides
改為There are two sides to this argument.
4. contaminate the minds of youth
改為had a bad influence on young people
5. crystal clear
改為very clear
6. hard nut to crack
改為a difficult problem
7. a heated debate about
>a great deal of discussion of
8. a hot topic
>has been debated widely
9. a hustle-and-bustle city
>busy city
10. the future pillars of society
>future leaders
考評局真奇怪，好的字反而叫人不用，叫人用更普通的字。
沒有, 無
VIP39-do without
1. No one can do without sleep for very long.
谁也不能很久不睡觉。
来自《简明英汉词典》
2. Mother says she could do without the children making so much noise.
母亲说她受不了孩子们的大声吵闹。
来自《简明英汉词典》
3. We can hardly do without the help of the masses.
我们离不开群众的帮助。
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
4. Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.
理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。
来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
5. I can do without your advice.
我不需要你的忠告。
1. No one can do without sleep for very long.
谁也不能很久不睡觉。
来自《简明英汉词典》
2. Mother says she could do without the children making so much noise.
母亲说她受不了孩子们的大声吵闹。
来自《简明英汉词典》
3. We can hardly do without the help of the masses.
我们离不开群众的帮助。
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
4. Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.
理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。
来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
5. I can do without your advice.
我不需要你的忠告。
引發spark
to cause the start of something, especially an argument or fighting:This proposal will almost certainly spark another countrywide debate about how toorganize the school system.The recent interest rises have sparked new problems for the government.The visit of the G20 leaders sparked off (= caused the start of) massdemonstrations.
給予(懲罰/獎勵)
to give or order a punishment or make someone receive cruel or unfairtreatment:Victorian schoolteachers regularly meted out physical punishment to their pupils.
- 1. Schools should not mete out physical punishment to children.
- 学校不应该体罚学生。
来自《简明英汉词典》
- 2. Duly mete out rewards and punishments.
- 有赏有罚。
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- 3. He saddled Mutz, promising to mete out cruel punishment to the thief.
- 他跨上马，保证要狠狠地治那个贼子。
来自辞典例句
- 4. God mete out justice in his own good time.
- 羞恶自有报，只争迟与早。
来自互联网
- 5. Mete out rewards to sb.
- 给某人奖赏。
灌輸(某人) (某事)
o fix beliefs or ideas in someone's mind, especially by repeating them often:Our football coach has worked hard to inculcate a team spirit in/into the players.
- 1. to inculcate a sense of responsibility in sb
- 谆谆教导某人要有责任感
来自《权威词典》
- 2. We failed to inculcate students with love of knowledge.
- 我们未能通过谆谆教诲使学生们热爱知识。
来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
- 3. We have tried to inculcate a feeling of citizenship in youngsters.
- 我们试图向年轻人灌输公民意识。
来自辞典例句
- 4. Inculcate safety culture and practices in all operation personnel.
- 向操作人员灌输安全意识和事例。
来自互联网
- 5. They fail to inculcate student with love of knowledge.
- 他们未能谆谆教诲使学生们爱好知识。
2013年12月31日 星期二
to use a situation to your own advantage:She capitalized on her knowledge and experience to get a better job.
2013年12月30日 星期一
然後
http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/supplement/columnist/%E5%8F%A4%E5%BE%B7%E6%98%8E/art/20131211/18545133
問：劍橋英文詞典The Cambridge International Dictionary of English有以下例句：Let me finish this job, then we'll go（待我做完這工作，然後我們一起去吧）。但then是副詞（adverb），怎麼可以接連兩個子句（clause）？有網站說then是連接詞（conjunction），對嗎？
答：論文法，then（然後）可稱為「連接副詞」（conjunctive adverb）。連接副詞語氣上接連上下兩個子句，但卻不能像and、or、but等正式連接詞一樣，把子句接連起來。英語學者William Strunk的寫作指南The Elements of Style第一章就談到這一點：If the second clause is preceded by an adverb, such as"accordingly","besides","then","therefore", or"thus", and not by a conjunction, the semicolon is still required（第二子句假如是以accordingly、besides、then、therefore、thus等副詞起句，而不是用連接詞起句，句前仍然應用分號）。所以，嚴格而言，劍橋詞典那一句then之前的逗號，應改為分號；假如逗號不改，則then之前應加連接詞and。第二版《朗文當代高級英漢雙解詞典》then字條下例句可供參考：Let's go for a drink and then go home（我們去喝一杯，然後回家）。
劍橋詞典那一句，文法上犯了「逗點連接」（comma splice）錯誤，只是這錯誤十分常見，一般人往往不會理會。學習英語者，則當然還是嚴守正規文法為宜。
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