英语中含有no,not,never,none,un-,-less,im-,in-,ir-等成分的词句,都被视为否定表达,简称反说。汉语中含有“不”,“没”,“未”,“休”,“莫”,“非”,“否”,“勿”等也都是否定表达。在翻译中通常都可以保留原文的否定表达,但有时为了表达更为顺畅,符合目的语的表达方法,或为了增强语言效果,有时反说正译,或正说反译。
反译:
英语中很多词本身就含有否定意义,beyond, absent, stop, bad, avoid, exclude, except, doubt, resistant, refuse, few, little, 这类词在翻译中要译出它的含有的否定意义。
The window refuses to open.
窗户打不开。
Children were excluded from getting in the building.
孩子不许进入这幢楼房。
Such a chance denied me.
我没有得到这个机会。
The explanation is pretty thin.
这个解释站不住脚。
I have fallen behind with my correspondence.
我有一些信件没有及时答复。
Fully clothed, he fell across his bunk and was instantly sleep.
他衣服也不脱往床铺上横着一躺,很快就睡着了。
He was 75, but he carried his years lightly.
他75岁了,可是并不显老。
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