2013年12月31日 星期二
2013年12月30日 星期一
然後
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問:劍橋英文詞典The Cambridge International Dictionary of English有以下例句:Let me finish this job, then we'll go(待我做完這工作,然後我們一起去吧)。但then是副詞(adverb),怎麼可以接連兩個子句(clause)?有網站說then是連接詞(conjunction),對嗎?
答:論文法,then(然後)可稱為「連接副詞」(conjunctive adverb)。連接副詞語氣上接連上下兩個子句,但卻不能像and、or、but等正式連接詞一樣,把子句接連起來。英語學者William Strunk的寫作指南The Elements of Style第一章就談到這一點:If the second clause is preceded by an adverb, such as"accordingly","besides","then","therefore", or"thus", and not by a conjunction, the semicolon is still required(第二子句假如是以accordingly、besides、then、therefore、thus等副詞起句,而不是用連接詞起句,句前仍然應用分號)。所以,嚴格而言,劍橋詞典那一句then之前的逗號,應改為分號;假如逗號不改,則then之前應加連接詞and。第二版《朗文當代高級英漢雙解詞典》then字條下例句可供參考:Let's go for a drink and then go home(我們去喝一杯,然後回家)。
劍橋詞典那一句,文法上犯了「逗點連接」(comma splice)錯誤,只是這錯誤十分常見,一般人往往不會理會。學習英語者,則當然還是嚴守正規文法為宜。
標籤:
adverb 副詞,
connective 連接詞
2013年12月29日 星期日
宣告(某人)某罪是無辜的
Mr Ling was acquitted of disorderly behaviour by magistrates.
- 地方法官宣判林先生扰乱治安罪名不成立。
2013年12月28日 星期六
施(痛苦)..於
› to force someone to experience something very unpleasant:These new bullets are capable of inflicting massive injuries.The suffering inflicted on these children was unimaginable.
使...不同於...
給予(某人)(某物)
to give an official title, honour, or advantage to someone:
An honorary doctorate was conferred on him by Edinburgh University.
An honorary doctorate was conferred on him by Edinburgh University.
同意/贊成...
to have a positive opinion of someone or something:She doesn't approve of my friends.He doesn't approve of smoking.I thoroughly approve of what the government is doing.
踐踏...
to step heavily on something or someone, causing damage or injury:Somebody trampled all over my flowerbeds in the night!Eight people were trampled to death (= killed) when the stadium collapsed and thecrowd rushed out onto the football pitch.
to step heavily on something or someone, causing damage or injury
trample
verb [I or T, usually + prep] (STEP HEAVILY ON)to step heavily on something or someone, causing damage or injury
踩,踐踏
Somebody trampled all over my flowerbeds in the night!
晚上有人把我的花壇全部踩壞了!
Eight people were trampled to death (= killed) when the stadium collapsed and thecrowd rushed out onto the football pitch.
體育場突然倒塌時,人群衝進足球場,其間八人被踩踏致死。
屈服於...
to lose the determination to oppose something; to accept defeat:The town finally succumbed last week after being pounded with heavy artillery for more than two months.I'm afraid I succumbed to temptation and had a piece of cheesecake.I felt sure it would only be a matter of time before he succumbed to my charms.
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