連詞轉prepositional phrase

早之介紹過以With開頭的介詞­­­­­­詞組作子句的句子，今日再接再勵，在那詞組基礎上再教大家一種結構。先看例句：

He sat on the soft with his legs raised.

這句句子其實由兩句而來，一句是He sat on the sofa. 另一句是His legs were raised. 我們先決定主句是He sat on the sofa.然後再加with至另一句的開頭，並使它的動詞部份，按其主動或被動性，分別轉為分詞現在分詞（V-ing）或過去分詞（V-ed）。

例如：He bought his wife a gift. His wife did not expect it.

轉化為：He bought his wife a gift, with his wife not expecting it.

在這句句子中，首先決定了前一句是主句，後一句便成為子句。然後在子句中，因為did not expect是主動動詞，所以改為現在分詞expecting。

功能上，子句通常有補充、解釋或說明的意義。

如果動詞是is/am/are/was/were，那轉為子句時便應改為being。例如：

There were several similarities. The most and least important factors were the same.

轉化之後：There were several similarities, with the most and least important factors being the same.

以下提供多幾個例子，建議大家不看答案自行做一次：

Sales were upward for most of the year. The profit reached a peak in December.

改為：Sales were upward for most of the year, with the profit reaching a peak in December.

It is expected that the price of one bedroom flats will rise. Accommodation for individuals is in short supply.

改為：It is expected that the price of one bedroom flats will rise, with accommodation for individuals being in short supply.

The pattern was different. Passenger numbers dropped in summer and rose in winter.

改為：The pattern was different, with passenger with passenger numbers dropping in summer and rising in winter.