S.5 English
Grammar: Gerund and to-infinitives
1. Verbs followed by gerunds only
2. Verbs followed by to-infinitives only
3. Verbs followed by gerunds or to-infinitive, without meanings changed
4. Verbs followed by gerunds or to-infinitive, with meanings changed
5. Verbs followed by bare infinitive
“Senses” verbs
Common verbs
Modal verbs
Some phrases
References: [Developing Skills: Grammar & Usage Set B: unit 4-7]/ [Developing Skills: Grammar & Usage Set A : unit 6-9]
Exercises A: Choose the word from the box below and fill in the blanks with either to-infinitive or gerunds.
Dance meet save wonder swim Experiment pronounce stay take see |
1. Bill agreed us at the restaurant at 8:30, but he never showed up.
2. Jennifer practiced the word until she sounded just like a native speaker.
3. Our art teacher encouraged with different colors.
4. Dana hopes enough money to travel around Europe for three months. It's her dream.
5. is her life. That is why Susan moved to New York to study dancing professionally.
6. Constance plans part in the marathon next spring.
7. I can't help how my grandmother's life would have been different if she had been able to go to college.
8. The doctor advised a specialist about the problem.
9. helped me strengthen my injured leg.
10. After the tsunami, Bette chose in Indonesia and work with a relief organization.
2. Jennifer practiced the word until she sounded just like a native speaker.
3. Our art teacher encouraged with different colors.
4. Dana hopes enough money to travel around Europe for three months. It's her dream.
5. is her life. That is why Susan moved to New York to study dancing professionally.
6. Constance plans part in the marathon next spring.
7. I can't help how my grandmother's life would have been different if she had been able to go to college.
8. The doctor advised a specialist about the problem.
9. helped me strengthen my injured leg.
10. After the tsunami, Bette chose in Indonesia and work with a relief organization.
Exercises B: Choose the word from the box below and fill in the blanks with either to-infinitive or gerunds.
Do come jog eat help translate grow visit learn come |
1. Simone was talking about up in Tanzania. She has had such an interesting life!
2. I need him me lift this heavy box.
3. Thank you for to the meeting on such short notice.
4. I suggest Japan when the cherry trees are in bloom.
5. We hired professional translators the documents into Arabic and Chinese.
6. After work, I always go . I'm a fitness freak!
7. His interest in languages is very impressive.
8. I don't mind your friend Sally’s along with us. Why don't you invite her and her husband?
9. Roberta is getting tired of the same old job day in and day out. I think she is going to quit!
10. Health professionals encourage people less red meat.
2. I need him me lift this heavy box.
3. Thank you for to the meeting on such short notice.
4. I suggest Japan when the cherry trees are in bloom.
5. We hired professional translators the documents into Arabic and Chinese.
6. After work, I always go . I'm a fitness freak!
7. His interest in languages is very impressive.
8. I don't mind your friend Sally’s along with us. Why don't you invite her and her husband?
9. Roberta is getting tired of the same old job day in and day out. I think she is going to quit!
10. Health professionals encourage people less red meat.
Exercises C: Choose the word from the box below and fill in the blanks with either to-infinitive or gerunds.
Make look meet understand ask unplug buy learn contact run |
1. She just keeps the same mistake over and over again.
2. I have been trying Steve, but I still haven't been able to get in touch with him.
3. Nate goes every afternoon.
4. On the way home from work, he stopped some groceries.
5. I forgot that word in class. Now I remember! The teacher wrote it on the board and gave us several example sentences.
6. Don't waste your time in the phone book. Just look the address up on the Internet.
7. Did you remember the iron before we left the house?
8. He despises her constantly him questions while he is working.
9. I know I've met her before. I remember her at John's party last summer.
10. After several months of studying Japanese, I am finally beginning native speakers when they talk to me.
2. I have been trying Steve, but I still haven't been able to get in touch with him.
3. Nate goes every afternoon.
4. On the way home from work, he stopped some groceries.
5. I forgot that word in class. Now I remember! The teacher wrote it on the board and gave us several example sentences.
6. Don't waste your time in the phone book. Just look the address up on the Internet.
7. Did you remember the iron before we left the house?
8. He despises her constantly him questions while he is working.
9. I know I've met her before. I remember her at John's party last summer.
10. After several months of studying Japanese, I am finally beginning native speakers when they talk to me.
英語世界：不定式動詞（infinitive）和動名詞（gerund） http://paper.wenweipo.com [2008-01-22] |
Lina Chu 香港浸會大學語文中心 一些動詞後面可以跟帶to不定式動詞（to infinitive）或動名詞（gerund），一些時候意思一樣，但一些時候則意思不同。 跟在一個動詞後面的帶to不定式動詞(to infinitive)，通常是用於表達意向、動向、目標等等，就是想要、準備、開始或正在做某些事情。舉例說明： He started to talk but no one was listening. 他開始發表言論，但沒有人在聽。 She continued to dance even when the music had stopped. 雖然音樂已經停下，她繼續起舞。 to infinitives涉將要或在進行的行動 總而言之，to infinitives涉及一個將要或正在進行的行動。 動詞 “start” 和 “continue”後面有時可改用另一個形式表達，就是以動名詞 （gerund, -ing form）代替to + infinitive。例如： He started talking but no one was listening. She continued dancing even when the music had stopped. 在以上兩組例子中，以to + infinitives構成的句子，與以-ing forms構成的句子在意義上並無大分別。兩者都表示當事人將要或正在進行的行動。 然而並非所有動詞都一樣。例如： He stopped to smoke. He stopped smoking. 前一句的意思是：他停下來吸煙。 後一句的意思是：他停止吸煙。 stop + infinitive與stop + ing form 意思相反 使用stop + infinitive與stop + ing form的意思完全相反！ 當我們用stop + to infinitive，意思是停下某一個行動，而進行另一個行動。例如： She was practising yoga when the telephone rang. She stopped to answer the phone. 她正在練習瑜伽時，電話響起。她停下來，去接聽電話。 停止行動 用stop + ing form 很明顯是兩個行動，停了前一個，進行後一個。如果想說某人停止一個行動，只能用stop + ing form。例如： The little girl stopped crying when her mother gave her a lollipop. 媽媽給她一支棒棒糖後，那個小女孩便不再哭了。 不要說她stopped to cry，除非你想說她停下來，哭起來。 to infinitive與 gerund/- ing form的意思完全相反！ |
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