Cotton washes well.
These shirts iron easily.
Tangerines peel nicely.
*Almost all pseudo-passives contain adverbs of manner and they often depend on these adverbs for grammaticality.
2014年7月1日 星期二
2014年6月18日 星期三
2014年6月14日 星期六
have + sth + pp 句式
here are at least two different constructions involved here.
1. You can cause someone to do something:
I will have the mechanic look at my car.
I will have John come to see you tomorrow
This is a little formal.
2. You can cause something to be done.
I will have my car repaired.
I will have the matter looked into.
3. You can express the idea that you will not tolerate something.
I will not have dogs digging up my garden.
I won't have you smoking at your age.
source: http://www.usingenglish.com/forum/ask-teacher/134762-having-somebody-do-doing-something.html
1. You can cause someone to do something:
I will have the mechanic look at my car.
I will have John come to see you tomorrow
This is a little formal.
2. You can cause something to be done.
I will have my car repaired.
I will have the matter looked into.
3. You can express the idea that you will not tolerate something.
I will not have dogs digging up my garden.
I won't have you smoking at your age.
source: http://www.usingenglish.com/forum/ask-teacher/134762-having-somebody-do-doing-something.html
描金的福建漆盤子裡還放著當天的報
倒裝句2: Ahead sat an old man. （位置副詞＋動詞＋主詞）
中文句子基本上沒有被動句，當然是有「被」的句子，但中文的動詞沒有英文的動詞那樣，主動被動分得清清楚楚。例如，「那邊種了一棵樹」，「種」如果譯成英文一定是被動:A tree was planted there，但中文卻不會說「那邊被種了一棵樹」。中英文中的主詞都沒有提及，但中文卻不會刻意將動詞加上「被」。
這一種動詞實際是被動的中文句子，譯成英文時有四種譯法。倒裝句是其中一種。
讓我以這句做例子：描金的福建漆盤子裡還放著當天的報。
第一種譯法：用被動句。即成：The morning newspaper was put on the gilded Fujian lacquer tray.這是最見的譯法。
第二種：用There is句式─There is the morning newspaper on the gilded Fujian lacquer tray.
第三種：用倒裝，即是：On the gilded Fujian lacquer lay the morning newspaper. lay是lie的過去式，是主動動詞，直譯是：當天的報躺在描金的福建漆盤子裡。
第四種是補上主語：One has put the morning newspaper on the gilded Fujian lacquer tray.
其他可用此種倒裝句的動詞包括：climb, come, fly, go, lie, run, sit, stand等。
正如我們同意了的,...
例句: AS AGREED,WE ISSUE THE DRAFT TO YOU NOW.
介词后接过去分词作宾语的用法非常少见，主要见于某些固定搭配或特殊结构，比如当as表示“当作”“按照”时，就可后接某些过去分词。如：
We can’t regard the matter as settled. 我们不能认为这事已经解决。
I finished the work as requested. 我按要求完成了工作。
He had failed to visit her as promised. 他没有按他的诺言来看望她。
Not all of them had gone well, and fewer still had gone as planned. 并非所有的事情都进展顺利，按计划进行的则更少。
Owing to the rain the garden party did not take place as advertised. 由于下雨，游园会没有按照广告说的时间举行。
【注】有的介词后接过去分词，实际上是由从属连接所引导的从句省略“主语和动词be”后所导致的结果：
Leave in oven until cooked. 放在烤箱里一直到烤熟。（可视为在as后省略了it is）
It usually happens as described above. 情况通常就像上面描述的那样发生了。（可视为在as后省略了it is）
中英被動句
英語的被動句很有趣。很多中文句子雖然沒有「被」這個字，但實際是被動句，因此譯成英文的被動式。
例如：這間學校將於今年年底建成。譯成英文是：The construction of the school will be completed by the end of this year.
又或：請全體職員下午2時在會議室集合。譯成英文是：All staff are requested to meet in the conference room at 2 p.m.
從以上例句看到，其實中文不是沒有被動句，只是不是時常有被動標記，如「被」、「遭」、「給」等。
反而，中文常常也用沒有被動標記的被動句，而且有很多慣用語，如：
「應該說」，譯成英文是：It should be said that…
「很明顯」是：It is obvious that…
「普遍認為」是：It is generally agreed that…
「大家知道」是：It is well known that…
「必須指出」是：It should be pointed out that…
「必須承認」是：It should be admitted that….
「無可否認」是：It should not be denied that…
「可以肯定」是：It can be confirmed that…
「由此可見」是：It can be seen that…
「人們希望」是：It is hoped that…
大家可以看到，英文譯為被動句的，中文都沒有被動標記。
英文被動句譯做中文主動句
The car is selling badly.
這車子賣得很差。
The stadium filled rapidly.
體育館很快就擠滿了。
I was born in Hong Kong.
我在香港出世。
The vegetables are all cut up.
蔬菜已經切好了。
The car was given to my wife.
那車給了我妻子。
這車子賣得很差。
The stadium filled rapidly.
體育館很快就擠滿了。
I was born in Hong Kong.
我在香港出世。
The vegetables are all cut up.
蔬菜已經切好了。
The car was given to my wife.
那車給了我妻子。
2014年4月28日 星期一
中英被動句
英語的被動句很有趣。很多中文句子雖然沒有「被」這個字，但實際是被動句，因此譯成英文的被動式。
例如：這間學校將於今年年底建成。譯成英文是：The construction of the school will be completed by the end of this year.
又或：請全體職員下午2時在會議室集合。譯成英文是：All staff are requested to meet in the conference room at 2 p.m.
從以上例句看到，其實中文不是沒有被動句，只是不是時常有被動標記，如「被」、「遭」、「給」等。
反而，中文常常也用沒有被動標記的被動句，而且有很多慣用語，如：
「應該說」，譯成英文是：It should be said that…
「很明顯」是：It is obvious that…
「普遍認為」是：It is generally agreed that…
「大家知道」是：It is well known that…
「必須指出」是：It should be pointed out that…
「必須承認」是：It should be admitted that….
「無可否認」是：It should not be denied that…
「可以肯定」是：It can be confirmed that…
「由此可見」是：It can be seen that…
「人們希望」是：It is hoped that…
大家可以看到，英文譯為被動句的，中文都沒有被動標記。
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